Coupling
1. Feed machinery equipment accessories coupling product introduction
In the complex transmission system of feed machinery equipment, the coupling is the key element to connect different coaxial parts. It can adapt to the relative displacement between shafting, compensate for installation errors, and buffer vibration and shock to a certain extent, which plays an indispensable role in ensuring the stable operation of feed production equipment and improving the reliability and service life of equipment.
2. Type of structure
Rigid coupling
Flange coupling: The flange coupling consists of two flanged half couplings, which are connected together by bolts to achieve the connection of the two axes and torque transmission. Its structure is simple, compact, has high transmission efficiency, can accurately transmit torque, and the coaxiality of the two axes is required to be higher. In feed production equipment, it is suitable for low-speed and high-precision transmission occasions, such as the connection between the mixing shaft and the drive motor shaft of some small feed mixers, and the coaxial degree of the shaft should be strictly controlled during installation to reduce the vibration and wear of the equipment during operation.
Sleeve coupling: A sleeve coupling is a hollow sleeve that connects two shaft ends by a key or pin. This kind of coupling has light structure, small radial size, and is often used in the case of high coaxiality and stable work. It is widely used in the short-shaft connection of some feed conveying equipment, such as the connection between adjacent conveying rollers in the chain conveyor, and its simple structure is easy to install and maintain, can effectively transfer torque and low cost.
Flexible coupling
Pin coupling with elastic sleeve: It consists of an elastic sleeve, pin and two half couplings. Elastic sleeve is generally made of rubber material, with good elasticity and cushioning properties. The pins connect the two half-couplings and pass through the elastic sleeve, which compensates for the relative displacement of the two axes while transferring torque, cushioning vibration and shock. In the feed crusher, due to the large vibration and impact load generated during the crushing process, the elastic sleeve pin coupling can effectively reduce the impact on the motor and other transmission components, protect the equipment and improve its operating stability.
Elastic pin coupling: similar to elastic sleeve pin coupling, but using nylon pin instead of the combination of elastic sleeve and pin. Nylon pin has high strength and wear resistance, but also has a certain degree of elasticity. This coupling is suitable for medium and small feed machinery equipment, such as feed granulator, in the torque transmission process can better adapt to the displacement and Angle deviation of the shaft, and the self-lubricating performance of the nylon pin can reduce the friction coefficient and reduce power loss.
Plus-shaped elastic coupling: its main components include a plus-shaped elastomer and two half couplings with convex claws. The plum shaped elastomer is made of elastic materials such as rubber or polyurethane and has a multi-petal structure that provides elastic deformation in multiple directions. In the feed mixer or conveying equipment, when there is a certain radial displacement, axial displacement and angular displacement of the shafting, the plum shaped elastic coupling can effectively compensate these displacements to ensure the smooth transmission of power, and its compact structure and easy installation.
Diaphragm coupling: The diaphragm coupling consists of a metal diaphragm group, a half coupling and a connecting bolt. The metal diaphragm is usually made of stainless steel sheet and has good elasticity and fatigue resistance. The elastic deformation of the diaphragm can compensate various displacements of shafting, which can transmit torque accurately and has high speed adaptability. It is widely used in the spindle drive system of large and high-speed feed production equipment, such as large feed expander, which can ensure the stability and reliability at high speed operation and reduce the equipment failure caused by shaft deviation.
3. Material characteristics
Metal material
Carbon steel: such as No. 45 steel, with high strength and hardness, after appropriate heat treatment, can meet the strength requirements of the general coupling. In some feed machinery equipment that is more sensitive to cost and relatively stable working conditions, such as ordinary conveying equipment in small feed processing plants or couplings of simple mixing equipment, carbon steel material can provide reliable torque transmission and basic structural support.
Alloy steel: like 40Cr, 42CrMo and other alloy steel, with better comprehensive mechanical properties, strength, toughness and wear resistance are higher. In large, heavy duty or high reliability requirements of feed machinery equipment coupling is applied, such as in the key transmission parts of large feed pelletizing machine or mill, alloy steel coupling can withstand huge torque and impact load, long-term stable operation, reduce the equipment downtime caused by material fatigue or damage.
Stainless steel: 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, suitable for the feed production environment in the presence of moisture, acid and alkali and other corrosive media occasions, such as aquatic feed processing equipment or couplings used in food grade feed production workshops. Stainless steel can ensure that the coupling is not corroded in harsh environments, ensure the integrity and reliability of the equipment transmission system, extend the service life of the equipment and ensure the quality and safety of feed products.
Non-metal material
Rubber: Rubber plays an important role as an elastic component in elastic sleeve pin couplings, plum shaped elastic couplings, etc. Rubber has excellent elasticity, damping characteristics and buffering capacity, which can effectively absorb and dissipate vibration and impact energy, and protect the shafting and transmission components of the equipment. Different types of rubber, such as natural rubber, nitrile rubber, etc., can be selected according to the specific working conditions and temperature requirements of feed production equipment to meet different elasticity, oil resistance, heat resistance and other performance needs.
Polyurethane: Polyurethane elastomers are also used in some couplings, which have high strength, hardness and wear resistance, while having a certain degree of elasticity. Compared with rubber, polyurethane is better in oil resistance and aging resistance, and is suitable for some feed machinery and equipment couplings that may be exposed to grease or work in a harsh environment, such as the coupling used in the feed processing workshop, near the grease adding device or the shafting connection in the dusty area.
Nylon: Nylon material pin used in the elastic pin coupling, nylon has high strength, good self-lubrication and wear resistance. In feed machinery and equipment, nylon pin can reduce the friction between the pin and the half coupling, reduce power loss, improve transmission efficiency, and to a certain extent, can adapt to the small displacement and deviation of the shafting, to ensure the smooth operation of the equipment.
4. Performance characteristics
Precise torque transfer
Both rigid and flexible couplings are designed and manufactured to deliver torque within a certain range of accuracy. Rigid couplings such as flanged couplings can achieve high-precision torque transmission, suitable for occasions with high transmission accuracy requirements, to ensure that the working parts of feed machinery and equipment operate according to predetermined parameters, such as in the feed batching system, precise torque transmission can ensure the accuracy of the batching, avoid the proportion imbalance caused by torque error, affecting the quality of feed. Although the flexible coupling will have a certain elastic deformation when transmitting torque, it can also transmit torque stably and accurately within the rated torque range of its design, meeting the transmission requirements of most feed production equipment.
Good displacement compensation ability
One of the outstanding performance characteristics of flexible couplings is the ability to compensate the relative displacement between shafting. Due to the installation and operation of feed machinery equipment, there may be radial displacement, axial displacement and angular displacement between shafting due to foundation settlement, temperature change, component deformation and other reasons. Flexible couplings such as elastic sleeve pin coupling, plum shaped elastic coupling, diaphragm coupling can effectively adapt to these displacement changes through their elastic components or special structures, reduce the additional stress between shafting, prevent the damage of shafting components, and ensure the normal operation of equipment. For example, in the large workshop of the feed processing plant, the equipment layout is complex, there are many pipelines, and the temperature changes are large. The flexible coupling with good displacement compensation ability can effectively solve the displacement problem of the shafting caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction.
Effective vibration and shock buffering
In the feed production process, many equipment such as shredders, granulators, etc., produce large vibration and impact loads. The elastic components of the coupling, such as rubber, polyurethane and other materials, can absorb and buffer these vibration and impact energy, protect the motor, reducer, bearing and other transmission parts from damage, and extend the service life of the equipment. For example, in the feed crusher, the rubber elastic sleeve of the elastic sleeve pin coupling can play a buffer role when the crushing material has an impact, reduce the impact on the motor shaft, avoid the motor due to frequent impact load damage, but also reduce the noise during the operation of the equipment, improve the working environment.
5. FAQ
Q: What is the main material of the coupling?
A: Couplings are usually made of high-strength steel or alloy steel to ensure that they have sufficient strength and wear resistance. These materials can withstand high loads and long periods of use.
Q: What are the surface treatment processes for couplings?
A: Common surface treatment processes for couplings include quenching, carburizing and nitriding. These processes can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the surface and extend the service life.
Q: How to ensure the transmission efficiency of the coupling?
A: In order to ensure the transmission efficiency of the coupling, the matching accuracy between the shaft and the coupling should be ensured, the lubrication system should be regularly checked and maintained, and the lubricating oil should be kept clean and appropriate.
Q: What problems may occur during the use of the coupling?
A: The coupling may have problems such as wear, fracture, deformation or poor fit during use. These problems are usually caused by overload, inadequate lubrication, or material defects.
Q: What are the heat treatment processes of the coupling?
A: The heat treatment process of the coupling includes quenching, tempering and normalizing. These processes can improve the mechanical properties of the material, increase its hardness and wear resistance, and thus extend the service life of the coupling.
