1. Feed machinery and equipment accessories bearing product introduction

In feed machinery and equipment, bearing is an indispensable key component, it bears the important task of supporting the rotating shaft, reducing friction resistance and ensuring the stable operation of the equipment. Whether it is a crusher, mixer, granulator or conveying equipment, etc., rely on the good performance of bearings to ensure the precise coordination and smooth operation of various mechanical components.

2. Type of structure

Deep groove ball bearing

Deep groove ball bearing is a kind of bearing type widely used in feed machinery and equipment. It is mainly composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a rolling body (steel ball) and a cage. There are ring raceways on the inner ring and the outer ring, and the steel ball rolls in the raceway, and the cage evenly separates the steel ball to prevent them from colliding and rubbing with each other. This kind of bearing has simple structure, high speed capacity and can withstand certain radial and axial loads. Deep groove ball bearings are widely used in the mixing shaft support of feed mixer and the transmission roller of small feed conveying equipment because of their good versatility and cost performance. For example, in an ordinary feed mixer, the deep groove ball bearing can stably support the mixing shaft, so that it maintains low friction resistance during high-speed rotation, ensuring that feed ingredients are fully and evenly mixed.

Cylindrical roller bearings

The rolling body of the cylindrical roller bearing is a cylindrical roller, and the contact with the inner and outer rings is line contact. This structural feature makes the cylindrical roller bearing have larger radial load capacity and is suitable for bearing heavier radial loads. It is usually composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a cylindrical roller and a cage. In feed machinery and equipment, such as the spindle support of a large feed crusher, because the spindle needs to bear a huge radial force during the crushing process, cylindrical roller bearings can effectively disperse the load, reduce the wear between the shaft and the bearing, and extend the service life of the equipment. Compared with deep groove ball bearings, the axial bearing capacity of cylindrical roller bearings is relatively weak, but it shows excellent performance in the case of large radial loads.

Tapered roller bearings

Tapered roller bearing can bear radial load and axial load at the same time, its structure is more complex, consisting of inner ring, outer ring, tapered roller and cage. The diameter of the big end and the small end of the conical roller are different. During assembly, the conical roller contacts with the raceway of the inner and outer rings to form a specific Angle relationship, so as to realize the common bearing of radial and axial forces. In feed pelletizing machines, tapered roller bearings are often used to support the main shaft, because in the pelletizing process, the main shaft must not only bear the radial force from the material extrusion, but also bear the axial force generated by the transmission device. This bidirectional bearing capacity of tapered roller bearings can ensure the stable operation of the spindle under complex stress environments, ensuring the molding quality and production efficiency of feed particles.

Aligning ball bearings

The aligning ball bearing has two rows of steel balls and a double row spherical inner ring, and the outer ring raceway is spherical. This special structure allows the aligning ball bearing to automatically compensate for angular deviations caused by shaft deflection, installation errors or misalignment between the shaft and the bearing seat. Aligning ball bearings play an important role in the long axis support of feed conveying equipment or some feed machinery parts with relatively flexible structure. For example, in the chain feed conveyor, due to the tension of the chain and the error of the equipment installation, the shaft may be bent or tilted to a certain extent, and the aligning ball bearing can automatically adjust its own Angle to ensure good contact between the shaft and the bearing, reduce local wear, and improve the reliability and operational stability of the equipment.

3. Material characteristics

Bearing steel

Bearing steel is the main material for manufacturing bearings, common GCr15, GCr15SiMn and so on. Bearing steel has the characteristics of high hardness, high wear resistance, high strength and good fatigue life. After proper heat treatment, the hardness of GCr15 bearing steel can reach HRC60-65, which can withstand greater contact stress and friction and wear. In feed machinery and equipment, such as the rolling body and inner and outer rings of all kinds of bearings, the use of bearing steel can ensure that good dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy are still maintained under long-term, high-strength operating conditions, and reduce equipment failures caused by wear. For example, in the high-speed spindle bearing of the feed mill, the high hardness and wear resistance of the bearing steel can effectively resist the impact force and friction caused by the crushing material, ensure the stable operation of the bearing, and thus maintain the efficient working state of the mill.

Special alloy material

In some special feed production environments or occasions with higher requirements for bearing performance, special alloy materials will be used to manufacture bearings. For example, feed expander bearings that work in high temperature environments may use superalloy materials, such as nickel-based alloys. Nickel-based alloy has excellent high temperature strength, oxidation resistance and creep resistance, and can maintain good mechanical properties under high temperature environment to ensure the normal operation of bearings under high temperature and high pressure working conditions of the bulking machine. In addition, for some feed production equipment that requires corrosion resistance, such as aquatic feed processing equipment, bearings may be made of stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel. Stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, which can effectively resist the erosion of water, salt and other corrosive media in feed, extend the service life of bearings, and ensure the reliability and safety of equipment.

4. Manufacturing process

Forged blank

The blank of bearing is usually prepared by forging process. The forging process can refine the grain of the metal material and make the organization more dense, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the material, and eliminating the internal defects caused by the metal in the smelting process. For example, for GCr15 bearing steel blanks, the organizational structure is optimized after forging, which lays a good foundation for subsequent processing and heat treatment. The blank after forging needs to be normalized or annealed to eliminate the forging stress, improve the cutting performance of the material, and make the hardness and toughness of the material reach the appropriate range for mechanical processing.

machining

Machining is the key link of bearing manufacturing, including turning, grinding, drilling and other processes. First of all, the inner and outer ring of the blank are processed into a rough shape by turning processing, and the basic dimensions such as the inner and outer diameter and thickness are determined, and the positioning surface and keyway required for installation are processed. In the turning process, it is necessary to strictly control the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness to ensure the matching accuracy between the components. Then the grinding process, grinding is an important process to improve the bearing surface accuracy and finish, the inner ring, the outer ring raceway and the surface of the rolling body for fine grinding, so that it can achieve extremely high roundness, cylindricity and surface roughness requirements. For example, the roundness error of the inner raceway is usually required to be controlled within a very small range to ensure the smooth rolling of the rolling element in the raceway and reduce vibration and noise. The drilling process is used to process the mounting holes and lubricating oil holes of bearings, etc., to ensure that the bearings have good positioning and lubrication conditions during installation and use. In the whole machining process, it is necessary to use high-precision machine tool equipment and advanced tools, and operate in strict accordance with process specifications to ensure the manufacturing quality of bearings.

5. Performance characteristics

Low friction and high speed capability

The sliding friction between the shaft and the shaft seat is replaced by the rolling friction between the rolling element and the inner and outer ring raceway, which greatly reduces the friction resistance. This low friction characteristic allows the bearing to adapt to the requirements of higher speed, reducing the energy loss and heating phenomenon during the operation of the equipment. In the mixing shaft bearing of the feed mixer, the low-friction bearing can keep the power consumption of the mixing shaft low when rotating at high speed, improve the energy efficiency of the equipment, and also reduce the influence of the heat generated by friction on the quality of feed raw materials. For example, under the right lubrication conditions, the deep groove ball bearing can run stably at a higher speed, meeting the requirements of the feed mixer for mixing efficiency and mixing uniformity.

High carrying capacity

Bearings of different structural types have different bearing capacities according to their design characteristics. Such as the large radial bearing capacity of cylindrical roller bearings, the radial and axial composite bearing capacity of tapered roller bearings and the bearing capacity of aligning ball bearings under a certain Angle deviation. These high bearing capacity bearings can meet the load requirements of feed machinery and equipment under various working conditions. In large feed shredders, cylindrical roller bearings can withstand the huge radial load borne by the main shaft during the crushing process, ensuring the stable operation of the main shaft of the crusher and avoiding equipment failure due to bearing overload. In the feed pelletizing machine, the bidirectional bearing capacity of the tapered roller bearing enables it to cope with the complex forces in the pelletizing process, ensuring the quality and production efficiency of the pelletizing machine.

Good accuracy and stability

The manufacturing process of the bearing ensures that it has high dimensional accuracy and rotation accuracy. The high-precision bearings can ensure the precise match between the shaft and the shaft seat, reduce the vibration and noise of the equipment, and improve the operating stability of the equipment. In the metering device of the feed batching system, the high precision of the bearing can ensure the accurate rotation of the batching shaft, so that the accuracy of the batching is guaranteed, and the batching error caused by the bearing accuracy problem is avoided, so as to ensure the quality consistency of the feed products. At the same time, the bearing can maintain the stability of its accuracy and performance during long-term operation, reduce the need for frequent replacement due to the decline in bearing performance, and reduce the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment.

6. FAQ

Q: What is the main material of the bearing?

A: Bearings are usually made of high-strength steel or alloy steel to ensure that they have sufficient strength and wear resistance. These materials can withstand high loads and long periods of use.

Q: What are the surface treatment processes of bearings?

A: Common surface treatment processes for bearings include quenching, carburizing and nitriding. These processes can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the surface and extend the service life.

Q: What problems may occur in the use of bearings?

A: Bearing in the process of use may appear wear, fracture, deformation or poor fit and other problems. These problems are usually caused by overload, inadequate lubrication, or material defects.

Q: What are the special requirements of bearings in different application scenarios?

A: In different application scenarios, bearings may have different special requirements. For example, bearings used in high temperature environments need to have high temperature resistance; For use in corrosive environments, corrosion-resistant materials are required.

Q: What are the heat treatment processes of bearings?

A: The heat treatment process of bearings includes quenching, tempering and normalizing. These processes can improve the mechanical properties of the material, increase its hardness and wear resistance, and thus extend the service life of the bearing.